Scoliosis:

From Greek skolíōsis, meaning crooked. A medical condition in which a person's spine is curved from side to side, shaped like an "s", and may also be rotated. To adults it can be very painful. It is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. On an x-ray, the spine of an individual with a typical scoliosis may look more like an "S" or a "C" than a straight line. It is typically classified as congenital (caused by vertebral anomalies present at birth), idiopathic (sub-classified as infantile, juvenile, adolescent, or adult according to when onset occurred) or as having developed as a secondary symptom of another condition, such as spina bifida, cerebral palsy, spinal muscular atrophy or due to physical trauma.


Hemivertebrae:

Among the congenital vertebral anomalies, hemivertebrae are the most likely to cause neurologic problems.[1] They are wedge shaped vertebrae, and therefore can cause an angle in the spine (such as kyphosis, scoliosis, and lordosis). The most common location is the midthoracic vertebrae, especially the eighth (T8).[2] Neurologic signs result from severe angulation of the spine, narrowing of the spinal canal, instability of the spine, and luxation or fracture of the vertebrae. Signs include rear limb weakness or paralysis, urine or fecal incontinence, and spinal pain.[1] Most cases of hemivertebrae have no or mild symptoms, so treatment is usually conservative. Severe cases may respond to surgical spinal cord decompression and vertebral stabilization.[2]

The probable cause of hemivertebrae is a lack of blood supply causing part of the vertebrae to not form.

Ohohoho. Ahahahah. Ooh, thanks for making me this way if you even exist, God.

Credits:
My laptop.
My Internet.
My brain.
Wikipedia article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_scoliosis and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemivertebrae